8 ND .8 wx7+0Rm=d !]!!l"#K$D$%&&''(P)_LLY FOUND: POW'S BETTER ADJUSTED THAN CONCENTRATION CAMP SURVIVORS IDENTICAL READJUSTMENT PROBLEMS AMONG THE TWO GROUPS LESS SEVERE LATENT EFFECTS AMONG THE CONCENTRATION CAMP SURVIVORS FAILURE OF BOTH GROUPS TO RESPOND TO THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES a<-# DTHE KEY DYNAMIC FACTOR IN THE INCIDENCE OF TRANSIENT PERSONALITY DISORDERS IS THE PRESENCE OF: A CONSTITUTIONAL PREDISPOSITION TOWARDS A CERTAIN DISORDER MARGINAL ADJUSTMENT TO ONE'S LIFE SITUATION UNRESOLVED PSYCHOSEXUAL CONFLICTS EXCESSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS D7$ATHE FIRST BEHAVIORAL SIGNS OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION TYPICALLY INCLUDE: HYPERSENSITIVITY, IRRITABILITY, AND SLEEP DISTURBANCE DELUSIONS AND HALLUCINATIONS INCREASED HATRED OF THE ENEMY A LOSS OF CONFIDENCE IN LEADERSHIP u  AALTHOUGH THE SYMPTOMS OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION VARY SOMEWHAT FROM ONE SOLDIER TO ANOTHER, A COMMON SYMPTOM IS USUALLY: ANXIETY GUILT DEPRESSION DISORIENTATION l4TZYDAMONG COMBAT SOLDIERS, THE EXPERIENCE OF RECURRENT NIGHTMARES INVOLVING A RELIVING OF BATTLE EXPERIENCES: IS OFTEN THE FIRST SIGN THAT PSYCHOSIS IS IMMINENT HAS BEEN TRADITIONALLY INTERPRETED AS A REACTION TO BATTLE-INDUCED GUILT FEELINGS USUALLY CONSTITUTES A MINOR PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEM FOR SOLDIERS WHO HAVE THIS EXPERIENCE PROBABLY HELPS TO DESENSITIZE THE INDIVIDUAL TO THE ANXIETY PROVOKING EVENTS OF BATTLE CMRrBA SOLDIER WHO "LOVES" HIS COUNTRY, BELIEVES IN THE APPROPRIATENESS OF THE WAR, AND FEELS A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP WITH HIS FELLOW SOLDIERS WILL PROBABLY BE: JUST AS SUSCEPTIBLE TO COMBAT EXHAUSTION AS A NEUROTIC INDIVIDUAL LIKELY TO MAINTAIN A HIGH LEVEL OF STRESS TOLERANCE UNDER COMBAT SITUATIONS UNABLE TO DEAL WITH THE GUILT ASSOCIATED WITH HAVING TO KILL OTHER HUMAN BEINGS LIKELY TO SUFFER FROM PERSONALITY AND ADJUSTIVE DEFECTS IN AREAS NOT COVERED BY SUCH STRONG DEFENSE MECHANISMS XFVVATHE SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF MOST ACUTE CASES OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION GENERALLY INCLUDES: GIVING THE SOLDIER WARM FOOD, SEDATION, AND SUPPORTIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY FORCING THE SOLDIER TO RETURN TO COMBAT BEFORE A LONG-TERM PHOBIC REACTION DEVELOPS REMINDING THE SOLDIER THAT SINCE HE IS SICK, HE IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR HIS BEHAVIOR ALL OF THE ABOVE x8*D;AFEELINGS OF GUILT AND DEPRESSION OFTEN REPORTED BY SURVIVORS OF DISASTERS ARE THOUGHT TO BE CAUSED BY THE SURVIVORS': VIEW THAT THEY SHOULD HAVE DIED WITH THE OTHER VICTIMS INTENSE PHOBIC REACTIONS TO THE DISASTER NEED TO REPETITIVELY DESCRIBE THE HORRIBLE DETAILS OF THE DISASTER PERCEIVED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTANCE FROM THE OTHER SURVIVORS A AN INDIVIDUAL STILL MANIFESTING SYMPTOMS SUCH AS APPREHENSION, INSOMNIA, IRRITABILITY, AND NIGHTMARES WEEKS AFTER THE CATASTROPHIC EVENT IS PROBABLY EXPERIENCING A: POST-TRAUMATIC PATTERN SECONDARY NEUROSIS TERTIARY NEUROSIS LATENT NEUROSIS E1.)?BWHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BEST EXEMPLIFIES CHRONIC SITUATIONAL STRESS? TAKING A TWO-HOUR JOB QUALIFICATION EXAMINATION FEELING STRONG DISSATISFACTION WITH YOUR JOB UNDERGOING UNEXPECTED EMERGENCY SURGERY RETURNING FROM WORK AND FINDING THAT YOUR CAR HAS BEEN STOLEN |QDBZBTHE "ZOMBIE REACTION" SEEN IN MANY OF THE REPATRIATED POW'S WHO HAD BEEN SUBJECTED TO BRAINWASHING WAS CHARACTERIZED BY: AN APPARENT CONVERSION TO A NEW IDEOLOGY WHICH LACKED THE EXPECTED ENTHUSIASM APATHY, DETACHMENT, AND LACK OF SPONTANEITY IN THEIR RELATIONSHIPS AN ANXIETY TO RETURN TO THE SECURITY OF THEIR HOMES AND FAMILIES A COMPLETE LACK OF GUILT FEELINGS CONCERNING THEIR LIMITED COLLABORATION WITH THE ENEMY !2DIN THE U.S. NAVY'S STUDY OF ADJUSTMENT TO ISOLATED ANTARCTIC LIVING, THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IN AN INDIVIDUAL'S SUCCESSFUL ADJUSTMENT SEEMED TO BE HIS: SUBJECTIVE STATE OF HAPPINESS DEGREE OF PSYCHIATRIC STABILITY ABILITY TO MAINTAIN EMOTIONAL TIES TO HIS FAMILY WORK EFFICIENCY ~<7D\CIN LIGHT OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE, ALL OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD BE GOOD STRATEGIES TO USE IN PLANNING LONG SPACE FLIGHTS EXCEPT: DESIGNING THE MACHINE SYSTEM IN TERMS OF HUMAN LIMITATIONS ADAPTING INDIVIDUALS PHYSIOLOGICALLY FOR LONG FLIGHTS KEEPING THE VARIETY OF STIMULATION DURING FLIGHT TO A BARE MINIMUM SELECTING INDIVIDUALS ON THE BASIS OF THEIR DEMONSTRATED REACTIONS TO STRESS SITUATIONS >CTHE KEY CAUSAL FACTOR IN TRANSIENT PERSONALITY DISORDERS IS: CONSTITUTIONAL PREDISPOSITION MARGINAL ADJUSTMENT EXCESSIVE STRESS UNRESOLVED CONFLICTS 8e]rrDTHE TERM TRANSIENT PERSONALITY DISTURBANCES REFERS TO: TEMPORARY PSYCHOSES THAT DEVELOP AS A RESULT OF PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO STRESS-PRODUCING SITUATIONS MENTAL DISTURBANCES CAUSED BY INADEQUATE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDIVIDUAL'S COPING MECHANISMS POST-TRAUMATIC MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR PATTERNS THAT INEVITABLY ACCOMPANY EXPOSURE TO A STRESS-PRODUCING SITUATION TEMPORARY MENTAL DISORDERS AND PERSONALITY DECOMPENSATION THAT OCCUR FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO OVERWHELMING STRESS j.$*8DTHE INITIAL SYMPTOMS OF A SOLDIER DIAGNOSED AS SUFFERING FROM COMBAT EXHAUSTION WOULD PROBABLY INCLUDE: SWEATING, HYPOTHERMIA, AND STARTLE REACTIONS DEJECTION, APHASIA, AND WITHDRAWAL DEPRESSION, DISPLACEMENT, AND REGRESSION IRRITABILITY, HYPERSENSITIVITY, AND SLEEP DISTURBANCES hBSYMPTOMS DISCRIBED IN THE CLINICAL PICTURE OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION INCLUDE ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT: INCREASED "SENSITIVITY" PARANOID FEELINGS SLEEP DISTURBANCES IRRITABILITY CACCORDING TO SOBEL, THE LAST DEFENSIVE LAYER SURRENDERED BY WELL-INTEGRATED INDIVIDUALS FACING EXTENDED PERIODS OF BATTLE STRESS IS: HATRED OF ENEMY PRIDE IN SELF LOYALTY TO GROUP SHORT-TERM MILITARY OBJECTIVE $ADURING WORLD WAR II, THE KOREAN WAR, AND THE VIETNAM WAR, THE COMMON CHARACTERISTIC IN MOST RECORDED CASES OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION WAS: OVERWHELMING ANXIETY SELF-MUTILATION A DESIRE TO BE "HONORABLY INJURED" EXTREME DEPRESSION ?WiEjBTHE AMNESIA OFTEN OBSERVED IN CASES OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION MAY: ENABLE THE SOLDIER TO RELIVE THE TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE WITHOUT BEING CONSCIOUS OF IT PROTECT THE SOLDIER FROM CONSCIOUSLY FACING A TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE UNTIL THE EMOTIONAL INTENSITY COOLS RESULT IN THE TEMPORARY DISPLACEMENT OF NEUROTIC REACTION SYNDROMES DESENSITIZE THE SOLDIER UNTIL HE IS ABLE TO ASSIMILATE THE TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE INTO HIS SELF-STRUCTURE X).0DWHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD NOT BE A LIKELY PREDISPOSING FACTOR OF COMBAT EXAUSTION? FORCED INACTIVITY IN THE FACE OF DANGER VAGUENESS ABOUT WAR GOALS THE UNPREDICTABILITY OF THE COMBAT SITUATION A HISTORY OF ANXIETY NEUROSIS PRIOR TO SERVICE tAWHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIPS IS MOST FREQUENTLY A PREDISPOSING FACTOR IN COMBAT EXHAUSTION? OVERPROTECTION REJECTION PERFECTIONISM OVERLY SEVERE DISCIPLINE QkNaASTUDIES OF THE EFFECTS OF TREATMENT FOR COMBAT EXHAUSTION HAVE INDICATED THAT: SOLDIERS FROM UNITS NEWLY ASSIGNED TO COMBAT ARE MORE LIKELY TO RECOVER THAN SOLDIERS FROM VETERAN UNITS ONCE A CASE IS SEVERE ENOUGH FOR ASSIGNMENT TO A NONCOMBAT ROLE, THE CHANCE OF LATER SUCCESSFUL COMBAT DUTY IS PRACTICALLY NIL ALMOST HALF OF THOSE RETURNED TO COMBAT AFTER TREATMENT "BREAK DOWN" AGAIN THE MAJORITY OF THOSE WHO EXHIBIT COMBAT EXHAUSTION WILL SHOW POOR ADJUSTMENT TO CIVILIAN LIFE oVVQSBA PROGRAM PREPARING SOLDIERS FOR THE POSSIBILITY OF CAPTURE WOULD ATTEMPT TO DO ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT: FOSTER A STRONG IDENTIFICATION ON THE PART OF EACH SOLDIER WITH HIS MILITARY GROUP EMPHASIZE THE NECESSITY OF AVOIDING THOUGHTS OF HOME AND FAMILY DURING IMPRISONMENT ADVISE SOLDIERS OF THE USELESSNESS AND DANGERS OF COLLABORATING WITH THE ENEMY INFORM THE SOLDIERS OF THE KIND OF TREATMENT THEY CAN EXPECT AS PRISONERS OF WAR ]"B3&ATHE INITIAL REACTION OF CIVILIANS WHO HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO A DISASTER TYPICALLY INVOLVES: A DAZED AND APATHETIC APPEARANCE EXTREME CONCERN FOR THE WELFARE OF OTHER VICTIMS OF THE DISASTER A LEVEL OF FUNCTIONING ONLY SLIGHTLY BELOW NORMAL GENERALIZED ANXIETY AND DIFFUSE FEAR { CTHE ________ STAGE OF THE "DISASTER SYNDROME" IS CHARACTERIZED BY A COMPULSIVE NEED TO REPEATEDLY DISCUSS THE DISASTER. SHOCK SUGGESTIBLE RECOVERY POST-TRAUMATIC DWHEN RESCUE WORKERS FOUND ROWENNA, THE SOLE SURVIVOR OF A JETLINER CRASH, SHE APPEARED DAZED AND WAS WANDERING AIMLESSLY AMIDST THE WRECKAGE. SHE WAS EXHIBITING SYMPTOMS OF THE __________ STAGE OF THE "DISASTER SYNDROME." RECOIL AND RECOVERY INSULATED SUGGESTIBLE SHOCK tOf+LBWHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS WOULD BE MOST LIKELY TO INDUCE PANIC REACTIONS AMONG THE INDIVIDUALS INVOLVED? A FLASH FIRE IN A BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENT THAT CONDUCTS FREQUENT FIRE DRILLS A SHIPWRECK IN WHICH IT IS EVIDENT THAT THERE IS ONLY ENOUGH LIFEBOAT SPACE FOR HALF THE PASSENGERS A HURRICANE WARNING ISSUED IN FIVE STATES A MESSAGE TO A WOMAN THAT HER HUSBAND IS TRAPPED IN A CAVED-IN COAL MINE W  CAN ESPECIALLY COMMON EGO-DEFENSE MECHANISM AMONG INMATES OF CONCENTRATION CAMPS WAS: REGRESSION INTROJECTION DENIAL PROJECTION q:XSCBILL, A STABLE, DEPENDABLE SOLDIER, WAS CAPTURED BY THE ENEMY. FOLLOWING FOUR YEARS OF EXPOSURE TO A SYSTEMATIC STRESS-PRODUCING SITUTATION (A POW CAMP), BILL'S BEHAVIORAL STYLE MOST LKELY: REMAINED AT THE SAME LEVEL OF STABILITY SINCE HE HAD DEMONSTRATED AN INTEGRATED, WELL-BALANCED PERSONALITY SHOWED EVIDENCE OF SUDDEN AND IRREVOCABLE DECOMPENSATION SHOWED EVDIENCE OF GRADUAL DECOMPENSATION, BUT WITH A GOOD PROBABILITY OF RECOVERY SHOWED EVIDENCE OF GRADUAL DECOMPENSATION WITH A LOW PROBABILITY OF RECOVERY mbyJDTHE LACK OF ANXIETY OR OTHER COMBAT EXHAUSTION SYMPTOMS AMONG MANY NON- PERMANENTLY WOUNDED SOLDIERS IS PROBABLY DUE TO THE FACT THAT: PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO COMBAT TENDS TO RESULT IN AN INCREASED RESISTANCE TO THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL PAIN MANY SOLDIERS HAVE CONSTITUTIONS THAT ENABLE THEM TO HANDLE STRESSFUL SITUATIONS EFFECTIVELY MANY WOUNDED SOLDIERS DEVELOP COPING MECHANISMS THAT ENABLE THEM TO FEEL SECURE EVEN IN VERY THREATENING CONDITIONS THE WOUNDS PROVIDE AN ESCAPE FROM THE ANXIETY-PRODUCING COMBAT SITUATION UwjqmBSOLDIERS HAVING THE HIGHEST PROBABILITY OF SURVIVING THE RIGORS OF COMBAT USUALLY: EXPERIENCE THEIR FIRST SEVERE ANXIETY WHEN FACED WITH COMBAT AND FAIL TO REALIZE THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE INCIDENT COME FROM BACKGROUNDS THAT FOSTERED SELF-RELIANCE, ABILITY TO FUNCTION IN A GROUP, AND ADJUSTABILITY ARE SOCIOPATHS WHOSE ABILITY TO THRIVE IN STRESS-PRODUCING SITUATIONS ENABLES THEM TO BECOME COMBAT LEADERS COME FROM VERY SECURE BACKGROUNDS THAT INCLUDE HEAVY PARENTAL PROTECTION AND MINIMAL EXPOSURE TO STRESS XyUjACURRENT MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY RECOGNIZES THAT MAINTENANCE OF MORALE AND EFFECTIVENESS: CAN BE FOSTERED BY USING THE MILIEU IN WHICH THE SOLDIER FUNCTIONS FOR TREATING AND RPEVENTING INEFFECTIVE BEHAVIOR DEPENDS PRIMARILY ON THE DEGREE OF AN INDIVIDUAL'S ADAPTATION TO MILITARY LIFE, WHICH IN TURN DEPENDS ON PREVIOUS MENTAL HEALTH IS VIRTUALLY IMPOSSIBLE AMONG SOLDIERS WHO HAVE A HISTORY OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION CAN BEST BE ACHIEVED BY REMOVING FROM THE MILITARY ALL PERSONNEL WHO EXHIBIT SIGNS OF MALADJUSTMENT ngLBTHE PRIMARY, SECOMDARY, AND TERTAIARY LEVELS OF ASSISTANCE DEVELOPED BY THE MILITARY AS AIDS FOR COPING WITH BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS: HAVE BEEN OF ONLY LIMITED EFFECTIVENESS BECAUSE OF THEIR FAILURE TO INCLUDE BEHAVIOR-ASSESSMENT MEASURES HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED BECAUSE MALADAPTIVE MILITARY BEHAVIOR OFTEN STEMS FROM ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ARE BASED ON THE NOTION THAT EARLY HOSPITALIZATION OF MALADAPTIVE INDIV- IDUALS IS ESSENTIAL FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF A CONSTRUCTIVE MILITARY EENVIRON- MENT CANNOT BE APPLIED WHEN DEALING WITH SEVERE CASES OF EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCES g]ciATHE DEFENSE MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH 'SHOCK' REACTIONS TO COMBAT OR DISASTER SITUATIONS APPEAR TO: PROTECT INDIVIDUALS FROM THE FULL IMPACT OF THE CATASTROPHE UNTIL THEY ARE PREPARED TO ASSIMILATE THE TRAUMA INTO THEIR LIVES ENABLE INDIVIDUALS TO IMMEDIATELY AND EFFECTIVELY COPE WITH THE REALITY OF THE DISASTER ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIODS OF ACUTE ANXIETY EXPERIENCED BY INDIVIDUALS AFTER A DISASTER IS ENDED FUNCTION AS PREDISPOSING CONDITONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROTIC AND PSYCHOTIC REACTIONS TO STRESS :CHgAWHEN FORCED BY THE NORTH KOREANS TO CHOOSE BETWEEN SATISFYING BIOLOGICAL NEEDS AND ETHICAL VALUES, MOST AMERICAN PRISONERS RESPONDED BY: WITHDRAWING EMOTIONAL INVOLVEMENT AND BECOMING APATHETIC COLLABORATING WITH THE COMMUNISTS AND ADOPTING THEIR VALUE SYSTEM VIGOROUSLY RESISTING ALL ATTEMPTS BY THEIR CAPTORS TO 'BRAINWASH' THEM DEVELOPING A VARIETY OF PSYCHOSES THAT EFFECTIVELY PROTECTED THEM FROM EXPERIENCING THE SITUATION kfwIAFOLLOWING THEIR RETURN TO SOCIETY, CONCENTRATION CAMP SURVIVORS WHO HAD BEEN SUBJECTED TO EXTREMELY STRESSFUL CONDITIONS GENERALLY: EXPERIENCED RESIDUAL EFFECTS SUCH AS ANXIETY, INSOMNIA, DEPRESSION, AND LOWERED RESISTANCE TO DISEASE RECOVERED COMPLETELY FOLLOWING A PERIOD OF THERAPY AND REINSTITUTION OF SUPPORTIVE RELATIONSHIPS HAD A LOWER DEATH RATE THAN THE GENERAL POPULATION SINCE THEY COMPRISED THE SELECT GROUP THAT WAS ABLE TO SURVIVE SUCCESSFULLY REPRESSED ALL THOUGHTS OF THE PERIOD OF THEIR IMPRISONMENT pko_AATTEMPTS BY SOLDIERS TO REDUCE THE ENEMY TO A NONHUMAN STATUS, THROUGH SUCH MEANS AS ASSIGNING DEROGATORY NAMES, EXEMPLIFIES: A MEANS OF DEALING WITH THE NORMAL GUILT FEELINGS MOST PEOPLE EXPERIENCE AFTER KILLING ANOTHER HUMAN BEING THE TENDENCY OF COMBAT TROOPS TO DEVELOP UNREALISTIC ATTITUDES ABOUT THEIR SUPERIORITY OVER THE ENEMY THE DECREASE IN SOLDIERS' SELF-CONFIDENCE AND MORAL JUDGMENT AFTER PRO- LONGED EXPOSURE TO COMBAT CONDITONS PERSONAL MALADJUSTMENTS MADE BY SOLDIERS EXPERIENCING COMBAT CONDITONS FOR THE FIRST TIME e}kp}CPROMPT PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC TREATMENT OF AN INDIVIDUAL FOLLOWING A TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE MAY SERVE TO: ELIMINATE THE TRAUMATIC EFFECTS OF THE DISASTER BY FORCING THE INDIVIDUAL TO DEAL WITH IT IMMEDIATELY AND REALISTICALLY RESOLVE ANY EGO-DEFENSE CONFLICTS WHICH MAY HAVE ARISEN FROM EXPOSURE TO A STRESS-PRODUCING SITUATION PREVENT THE BUILDUP OF CONDITIONED FEAR WHICH IN TURN HELPS TO PRECLUDE LONG-TERM PSYCHOLOGICAL DISABILITY ELIMINATE THE NEED FOR SUBSEQUENT THERAPY OR TREATMENT AS THE EXPERIENCE IS REMOVED FROM THE INDIVIDUAL'S CONSCIOUSNESS lCs}DTHE KEY TECHNIQUE IN THE 'THOUGHT CONTROL' PHRASE OF BRAINWASHING OF AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR BY CHINESE COMMUNISTS INVOLVED: GIVING DAILY 'ANTI-AMERICAN' INSTRUCTION IN WHICH THE PRISONERS WERE PHYSICALLY FORCED TO PARTICIPATE REMOVING OFFICIAL AND NATURAL LEADERS AND PUBLICLY PUNISHING THEM DESTROYING GROUP IDENTIFICATION BY BREAKING DOWN SOCIAL BARRIERS THROUGH THE USE OF INDISCRIMINATE BRUTALITY PLACING THE PRISONERS' ETHICAL VALUES IN DIRECT OPPOSITION WITH THEIR SELF-PRESERVATION AND FULFILLMENT OF BODILY NEEDS mfk[ASTUDIES OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION ARE CONSIDERED IMPORTANT TO THE STUDY OF PSYCHO- PATHOLOGY BECAUSE THEY HAVE: YIELDED INFORMATION LEADING TO BETTER UNDERSTANDING AND TREATMENT OF TRANSIENT MENTAL DISORDERS TAUGHT US HOW TO CONDITON SOLDIERS SO THAT THEY CANNOT BE PSYCHOLOGICALLY HARMED BY BATTLE CONDITIONS LED TO A PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE OF THE PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN LIMITED SCALE "BRAINWASHING" REVEALED THAT MILITARY AND CIVILIAN MENTAL DISORDERS ARE ON A DIFFERENT LEVEL OF SEVERITY AND CANNOT BE STUDIED TOGETHER q`psBTHE DIFFERENCES IN THE INCIDENCES OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION DURING THE VIETNAM CONFLICT AND WORLD WAR II CAN BE PARTIALLY ATTRIBUTED TO: THE VIETNAM VETERANS' KNOWLEDGE THAT PEOPLE SUFFERING FROM COMBAT EXHAUST- ION WERE MORE ACCESSIBLE TARGETS THE VIETNAM VETERANS' KNOWLEDGE THAT AFTER A 12 OR 13 MONTH PERIOD, THEY WOULD BE REPLACED THE HIGH INCIDENCE IN VIETNAM OF DESERTION AMONG SOLDIERS WHO WERE POTENTIAL VICTIMS OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION THE WORLD WAR II SOLDIERS' BELIEF THAT COMBAT EXHAUSTION WAS PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SHOULD BE TREATED AS A DISEASE OCTHE CURRENT OFFICIAL ARMY CLASSIFICATION OF TRAUMATIC REACTIONS TO COMBAT IS: WAR NEUROSIS OPERATIONAL FATIGUE COMBAT EXHAUSTION SHELL SHOCK 2DDURING WORLD WAR I COMBAT EXHAUSTION WAS CALLED: WAR NEUROSIS OPERATIONAL FATIGUE COMBAT EXHAUSTION SHELL SHOCK S DWHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING WAS NOT GENERALLY ASSOCIATED WITH COMBAT EXHAUSTION? INSOMNIA HYPERSENSITIVITY TREMORS HYSTERICAL ELATION `5@JACFOR THE MAJORITY OF CASES DURING THE KOREAN WAR, THE TREATMENT OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION INVOLVED: THE USE OF SODIUM PENTOTHAL AND NARCOSIS INTERVIEWS EVACUATION TO REAR-AREA HOSPITALS AND SUBSEQUENT GROUP THERAPY AN EMPHASIS ON THE IDEA OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE FACE OF FEAR REASSURANCE THAT FUTURE ASSIGNMENTS WOULD BE FOR NONCOMBAT DUTY o@W>-BWHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD NOT BE INCLUDED IN A PROGRAM PREPARING SOLDIERS FOR THE POSSIBILITY OF CAPTURE: AN EMPHASIS ON A STRONG IDENTIFICATION WITH HIS MILITARY GROUP AN EMPHASIS ON THE NECESSITY OF AVOIDING THOUGHTS OF HOME DURING THE IMPRISONMENT AN EMPHASIS ON HIS RESPONSIBILITY FOR AVOIDING COLLABORATION AN EMPHASIS ON WHAT TO EXPECT AS A PRISONER YfknZBWHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ABOUT CIVILIAN REACTION TO CATASTROPHE IS ACCURATE: AN INDIVIDUAL USUALLY RECOVERS FASTER IF HE KNOWS HE WILL RECEIVE COMPENSATION FOR HIS INJURIES AS WITH THE TREATMENT OF COMBAT EXHAUSTION, THE INDIVIDUAL MUST BE PREPARED TO FACE THE TRAUMA AGAIN THERAPY IS UNNECESSARY IF WITHIN A DAY OR SO THE INDIVIDUAL SHOWS NO ADVERSE REACTION TO THE CATASTROPHE IN MANY KINDS OF DISASTERS THE PEOPLE IN THE IMPACT AREA DO NOT SHOW PANIC REACTIONS XSG[]CIN PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS TO THE SUDDEN LOSS OF VISION, THE "SHOCK" REACTION SERVES: AS A HEALTHY DEFENSIVE REACTION WHICH SHOULD BE PROLONGED AS LONG AS POSSIBLE TO HELP THE PATIENT CONSTRUCT A NEW SELF-PICTURE AND A NEW BODY IMAGE AS AN EMERGENCY CONSTRICTION OF THE EGO WHICH DEFENDS AGAINST IMMINENT DISINTEGRATION AS A PERIOD OF MOURNING IN WHICH THE SIGHTED PERSON DIES TO BE REBORN AS A BLIND PERSON _`enWDDURING THE PERIOD OF READJUSTMENT FOLLOWING THE SUDDEN LOSS OF VISION, IT IS IMPORTANT THAT: RECRIMINATION, SELF-PITY, AND FEELINGS OF HOPELESSNESS BE REDUCED OR IF POSSIBLE PREVENTED FRIENDS AND RELATIVES AS WELL AS DOCTORS FOSTER THE INDIVIDUAL'S HOPES OF REGAINING HIS VISION THE INDIVIDUAL BE PREVENTED FROM MOURNING OVER HIS LOST EYES AND BE ENCOURAGED TO TRY TO ACT POSITIVELY THE INDIVIDUAL BE HELPED TO REALIZE AND ACCEPT THE FACT THAT HE IS A BLIND PERSON dCIN THE POW GROUPS DESCRIBED BY COMMANDER NARDINI, HOSTILITY WAS HANDLED BY BEING DIRECTED TOWARD: THE MOTHER COUNTRY THE CAPTORS OTHER PRISONERS NONHUMAN OBJECTS n"!"CONE STUDY OF PRISONERS OF WAR TERMED THE SYNDROME FROM WHICH PRISONERS OFTEN SUFFER AS DDD. DDD STANDS FOR: DEBILITY, DREAD, AND DEATH DEBILITY, DREAD, AND DELIVERANCE DEBILITY, DREAD, AND DEPENDENCY DEBILITY, DESPONDENCY, AND DREAD aD*":ATHE KEY TECHNIQUE IN "THOUGHT CONTROL" OF AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR BY CHINESE COMMUNISTS WAS: MAKING PRISONERS CHOOSE BETWEEN "COOPERATION" AND DEATH OR TORTURE GIVING DAILY "ANTI-AMERICAN" INSTRUCTION PUNISHING THEIR LEADERS PUBLICLY DISCOURAGING GROUP IDENTIFICATION BY REWARDING INFORMERS b5CWHICH ONE WAS LEAST CHARACTERISTIC OF THE EFFECTS OF BRAINWASHING ON AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR: BREAKDOWN OF GROUP LOYALTY POOR MORALE AND DISCIPLINE CONVERSION TO COMMUNISM DIFFICULTY IN RELATING TO OTHERS EVEN AFTER RELEASE ?amKFCINDIVIDUALS WHO HAVE SURVIVED CONCENTRATION-CAMP EXPERIENCES: WILL TYPICALLY HAVE TO BE INSTITUTIONALIZED BECAUSE OF THE SEVERITY OF THEIR MALADJUSTMENT WILL TYPICALLY CONTINUE MANY YEARS AFTER RELEASE TO EXPERIENCE SYMPTOMS RESULTING FROM THEIR INTERNMENT WILL SHOW COMPLETE RECOVERY IF THEY HAD A NORMAL LIFE PRIOR TO INTERNMENT RECOVER ALMOST IMMEDIATELY WHEN REMOVED FROM THE STRESSFUL SITUATION `(-6AWHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WAS NOT FOUND BY NARDINI TO BE RELATED TO SURVIVAL OF POW EXPERIENCES: PREOCCUPATION WITH THE PAST A FATALISTIC BUT NONDEFEATIST ATTITUDE MAINTAINING A STRONG SENSE OF SELF-IDENTITY THE ABILITY TO MANAGE HOSTILITY AND FIGHT DEPRESSION S96C=AFOLLOW-UP STUDIES OF POW'S AND SURVIVORS OF CONCENTRATION CAMPS GENERALLY FOUND: POW'S BETTER ADJUSTED THAN CONCENTRATION CAMP SURVIVORS IDENTICAL READJUSTMENT PROBLEMS AMONG THE TWO GROUPS LESS SEVERE LATENT EFFECTS AMONG THE CONCENTRATION CAMP SURVIVORS FAILURE OF BOTH GROUPS TO RESPOND TO THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES