CBASIC in General
CBASIC Compile-Time Toggled Options
Compiler Error Messages
Run-Time Error Messages -- Warnings
Run-Time Error Messages -- Error Codes
CBASIC Reserved Words
:CBASIC:  CBASIC in General

     CBASIà i� � compile� BASI� whic� ma� b� execute� o� an� flopp�� dis� �
base� CP/� syste� havin� a� leas� 20� byte� o� memory��  I� orde� t� mak� �
th� bes� us� o� th� powe� an� flexibilit� o� CBASIC�� � dua� flopp�� dis� �
syste�� an� a� leas� 32� o� memor� i� recommended��  I� CBASI� i� execute� �
in a system smaller than 20K, a CP/M LOAD ERROR may occur.

     Th� CBASI� syste� consist� o� tw� program� -- CBASI� an� CRUN�  CBASI� �
i� th� compiler�� an� CRU� i� th� run-tim� intepreter�  I� � typica� CBASI� �
session�� th� use� wil� writ� th� progra� usin� ED� compil� i� usin� CBASI� �
(with the $B option to suppress listing), and run it using CRUN.

     Refer to the 84-page CBASIC manual --

                                C B A S I C
                          A Commercially Oriented
                        Compiler/Interpreter BASIC
                           Language Facility for
                               CP/M Systems

                             February 17, 1978
:CBASIC:  CBASIC Compile-Time Toggled Options

     Compile� toggle� ar� � serie� o� switche� tha� ca� b� se�� whe� th� �
compile� i� executed��  Th� toggle� ar� se� b� typin� � dollar-sig� ($� �
followe� b�� th� lette� designation� o� th� desire� toggle� startin� on� �
spac� o� mor� afte� th� progra� nam� o� th� comman� line�  Toggle� ma� onl� �
be set for the compiler.

     Examples of compiler toggles and invocation forms are --
          CBASIC INVENTRY $BGF
          B:CBASIC A:COMPARE $GEC
          CBASIC PAYROLL $B
          CBASIC B:VALIDATE $E

                          CBASIC Compiler Toggles

     TOGGL� B�  Suppresse� th� listin� o� th� progra� o� th� consol� durin� �
compilation��  I� a� erro� i� detected�� th� sourc� lin� wit� th� erro� an� �
th� erro� messag� wil� b� printe� eve� i� Toggl� � i� set��  Toggl� � doe� �
not affect listing to the printer (Toggle F) or disk file (Toggle G).
     Toggle B is initially off.

     TOGGLŠ C��  Suppresse� th� generatio� o� a� IN� file�� Engagin� thi� �
toggl� wil� provid� � synta� chec� withou� th� overhea� o� writin� th� �
intermediat� file.
     Toggle C is initially off.

     TOGGL� D�  Suppresse� translatio� o� lower-cas� letter� t� upper-case�  �
Fo� example�� i� Toggl� � i� on�� 'AMT� wil� no� refe� t� th� sam� variabl� �
as 'amt'.
     Toggle D is initially off.


     TOGGLŠ E�  Cause� th� run-tim� progra� (CRUN� t� accompan� an�� erro� �
message� wit� th� CBASI� lin� numbe� i� whic� th� erro� occurred�  Toggl� � �
mus�� b� se� i� orde� fo� th� TRAC� optio� (se� sectio� 13.� o� th� manual� �
to work.
     Toggle E is initially off.

     TOGGLŠ F��  Cause� th� compile� outpu� listin� t� b� printe� o� th� �
LST: device in addition to the system console.  
     Toggle F is initially off.

     TOGGLŠ G��  Cause� th� compile� outpu� listin� t� b� writte� t� �
diskette��  Th� fil� containin� th� compile� listin� ha� th� sam� nam� a� �
the .BAS file, but its type is .LST.
     Toggle G is initially off.
:CBASIC:  Compiler Error Messages

                               Text Messages

NO SOURCE FILE:  <FILENAME>.BAS
     Th� compile� coul� no� locat� � sourc� fil� use� i� eithe� � CBASI� �
command or an INCLUDE directive.

PROGRAM CONTAINS n UNMATCHED FOR STATEMENT(S)
     There are n FOR statements for which a NEXT could not be found.

PROGRAM CONTAINS n UNMATCHED WHILE STATEMENT(S)
     There are n WHILE statements for which a WEND could not be found.

WARNING:  INVALID CHARACTER IGNORED
     Th� previou� lin� contain� a� invali� ASCI� character�� thi� characte� �
is ignored by the compiler, and a question mark is printed in its place.



                           2-Letter Error Codes

CE -- Close Error
     The intermediate (.INT) file could not be closed.

DE -- Disk Error
     A disk error occurred while trying to read the .BAS file.

DF -- Disk Full
     Ther� wa� n� spac� o� th� dis� o� th� dis� director� wa� full��  Th� �
.INT file was not created.

DL -- Duplicate Line number
     Th� sam� lin� numbe� wa� use� o� tw� differen� lines��  Othe� compile� �
error� ma�� caus� � D� erro� messag� t� b� printe� eve� i� duplicat� lin� �
numbers do not exist.

DP -- Defined Previously
     A variable in a DIM statement was previously defined.


EF -- Exponential Format
     � numbe� i� exponentia� forma� wa� inpu� wit� n� digit� followin� th� �
E.

FD -- Function Definition
     � functio� nam� tha� ha� bee� previousl� define� i� bein� redefine� i� �
a DEF statement.

FI -- FOR Index
     A� expressio� whic� i� no� a� unsubscripte� numeri� variabl� i� bein� �
used as a FOR loop index.

FN -- Function parameter Number 
     A function reference contains an incorrect number of parameters.

FP -- Function Parameter type
     � functio� referenc� paramete� typ� doe� no� matc� th� paramete� typ� �
used in the function's DEF statement.


FU -- Function Undefined
     A function has been referenced before it has been defined.

IE -- IF Expression
     A� expressio� use� immediatel� followin� a� IƠ evaluate� t� typ� �
string.  Only type numeric is permitted.

IF -- In File
     �� variabl� use� i� � FIL� statemen� i� o� typ� numeri� wher� typ� �
string is required.

IP -- Input Prompt
     An input prompt string is not surrounded by quotes.

IS -- Invalid Subscript
     A subscripted variable was referenced before it was dimensioned.

IU -- Invalid Use
     A variable defined as an array is used with no subscripts.


MF -- Mixed Format
     An expression evaluates to type string when type numeric is required.

MM -- Mixed Mode
     Variable� o� typ� strin� an� typ� numeri� ar� combine� i� th� sam� �
expression.

NI -- NEXT Index
     � variabl� reference� b� � NEX� statemen� doe� no� matc� th� variabl� �
referenced by the associated FOR statement.

NU -- NEXT Unexpected
     A NEXT statement occurs without an associated FOR statement.

OO -- ON Overflow
     More than 25 ON statements were used in the program.


SE -- Syntax Error
     The source line contains a syntax error.

SN -- Subscript Number
     A subscripted variable contains an incorrect number of subscripts.

SO -- Syntax Overflow
     Th� expressio� i� to� comple� an� shoul� b� simplifie� an� place� o� �
more than one line.

TO -- Table Overflow
     Th� progra�� i� to� larg� fo� th� system��  Th� progra�� mus�� b� �
simplified or the system size increased.

UL -- Undefined Line number
     A line number that does not exist has been referenced.

US -- Undefined String
     A string has been terminated by a carriage return rather than quotes.


VO -- Variable Overflow
     Variable names are too long for one statement.
     This should not occur.

WE -- WHILE Error
     The expression immediately following a WHILE statement is not numeric.

WU -- WHILE Undefined
     A WEND statement occurs without an associated WHILE statement.
:CBASIC:  Run-Time Error Messages -- Warnings

     Tw� textua� run-tim� erro� message� ar� presente� b� CRUN:

NO INTERMEDIATE FILE
     �� fil� nam� wa� no� specifie� wit� th� CRU� command�� o� n� fil� o� �
typ� .IN� an� th� specifie� fil� nam� wa� foun� o� disk.

IMPROPER INPUT - REENTER
     Thi� messag� occur� whe� th� field� entere� fro� th� consol� d� no� �
matc� th� fiel� specifie� i� th� INPU� statement��  Thi� ca� occu� whe� �
fiel� type� d� no� matc� o� th� numbe� o� field� entere� i� differen�� fro� �
th� numbe� o� field� specified��  Al� field� specifie� b�� th� INPU� �
statemen� mus� b� reentered.

                     2-Letter Warning Codes

DZ -- Divide by Zero
     � numbe� wa� divide� b� zero��  Th� resul� i� se� t� th� larges� vali� �
CBASI� number.

FL -- Field Length
     �� fiel� lengt� greate� tha� 25� byte� wa� encountere� durin� � REA� �
LINE�  Onl� th� firs� 25� character� o� th� recor� ar� retained.

LN -- Logarithm error
     Th� argumen�� give� i� th� LO� functio� wa� zer� o� negative��  Th� �
valu� o� th� argumen� i� returned.

NE -- NEgative number
     �� negativ� numbe� wa� specifie� followin� th� rais� t� � powe� �
operato� (^)�  Th� absolut� valu� i� use� i� th� calculation.


OF -- OverFlow
     � calculatio� produce� � numbe� to� large��  Th� resul� i� se� o�� th� �
larges� vali� CBASI� number.

SQ -- SQuare root error
     �� negativ� numbe� wa� specifie� i� th� SQ� function��  Th� absolut� �
valu� i� used.
:CBASIC:  Run-Time Error Messages -- Error Codes

AC -- AsCii error
     Th� strin� use� a� th� argumen� i� a� AS� functio� evaluate� t� � nul� �
string.

CE -- Close Error
     An error occurred upon closing a file.

CU -- Close Undefined file 
     � clos� statemen� specifie� � fil� numbe� tha� wa� no� active.

DF -- Defined File
     A� OPE� o� CREAT� wa� specifie� wit� � fil� numbe� tha�� wa� alread� �
active.

DU -- Delete Undefined file
     � DELET� statemen� specifie� � fil� numbe� tha� wa� no� active.


DW -- Disk Write error
     A� erro� occurre� whil� writin� t� � file��  Thi� occur� whe� eithe� �
th� director� o� th� dis� i� full.

EF -- End of File
     �� rea� pas� th� en� o� fil� occurre� o� � fil� fo� whic� n� IƠ EN� �
statemen� ha� bee� executed.

ER -- Error in Record
     A� attemp�� wa� mad� t� writ� � recor� o� lengt� greate� tha� th� �
maximu�� recor� siz� specifie� i� th� associate� OPEN�� CREATE�� o� FIL� �
statement.

FR -- File Rename
     A� attemp� wa� mad� t� renam� � fil� t� a� existin� fil� name.

FU -- File Undefined
     A� attemp� wa� mad� t� rea� o� writ� t� � fil� tha� wa� no� active.


IR -- Invalid Record number
     A record number less than one was specified.

LW -- Line Width
     �� lin� widt� les� tha� � o� greate� tha� 13� wa� specifie� i� a� �
LPRINTE� WIDT� statement.


ME -- MAKE Error
     A� erro� occurre� whil� creatin� o� extendin� � fil� becaus� th� dis� �
director� wa� full.

MP -- MATCH Parameter
     Th� thir� paramete� i� � MATC� functio� wa� zer� o� negative.

NF -- Number of FILE
     Th� fil� numbe� specifie� wa� les� tha� � o� greate� tha� 20.


NM -- No Memory
     There was insufficient memory to load the program.

NN -- No Number field
     A� attemp� wa� mad� t� prin� � numbe� wit� � PRIN� USIN� statemen� bu� �
ther� wa� no� � numeri� dat� fiel� i� th� USIN� string.

NS -- No String field
     A� attemp� wa� mad� t� prin� � strin� wit� � PRIN� USIN� statemen� bu� �
ther� wa� no� � strin� fiel� i� th� USIN� string.

OD -- Overflow Data
     �� REAĠ statemen� wa� execute� wit� n� DAT� available.

OE -- OPEN Error
     A� attemp� wa� mad� t� OPE� � fil� tha� didn'� exis� an� fo� whic� n� �
I� EN� statemen� ha� bee� previousl� executed.


OI -- ON Index
     Th� expressio� specifie� i� a� O� ..�� GOSU� o� a� OР..�� GOT� �
statemen�� evaluate� t� � numbe� les� tha� � o� greate� tha� th� numbe� o� �
lin� number� containe� i� th� statement.

OM -- Overflow Memory
     The program ran out of memory during execution.

QE -- Quote Error
     A� attemp� wa� mad� t� PRIN� t� � fil� � strin� containin� � quotatio� �
mark.

RE -- READ Error
     A� attemp� wa� mad� t� rea� pas� th� en� o� � recor� i� � fixe� file.

RG -- RETURN with no GOSUB
     A RETURN occurred for which there was no GOSUB.


RU -- Random Undefined
     � rando� rea� o� prin� wa� attempte� t� othe� tha� � fixe� file.

SB -- SuBscript
     A� arra� subscrip� wa� use� whic� exceede� th� boundarie� fo� whic� �
th� arra� wa� defined.

SL -- String Length
     � concatenatio� operatio� resulte� i� � strin� o� mor� tha� 25� bytes.

SS -- SubString error
     Th� secon� paramete� o� � MID� functio� wa� zer� o� negative.

TF -- Too many Files
     A� attemp� wa� mad� t� hav� mor� tha� 2� activ� file� simultaneously.


TL -- TAB Length
     �� TA� statemen� containe� � paramete� les� tha� � o� greate� tha� th� �
curren� lin� width.

UN -- UNdefined edit string
     � PRIN� USIN� statemen� wa� execute� wit� � nul� edi� string.

WR -- WRite error
     A� attemp� wa� mad� t� writ� t� � fil� afte� i� ha� bee� read�� bu� �
befor� i� ha� bee� rea� t� th� en� o� th� file.
:CBASIC:  CBASIC Reserved Words

                      CBASIC Reserved Words

          ABS       EQ        LEN       POS       STOP
          AND       EXP       LET       PRINT     STR$
          AS        FEND      LINE      RANDOMIZE SUB
          ASC       FILE      LOG       READ      TAB
          ATN       FOR       LPRINTER  RECL      TAN
          CALL      FRE       LT        REM       THEN
          CHR$      GE        MATCH     REMARK    TO
          CLOSE     GO        MID$      RENAME    USING
          CONSOLE   GOSUB     NE        RESTORE   VAL
          COS       GOTO      NEXT      RETURN    WEND
          CREATE    GT        NOT       RIGHT$    WHILE
          DATA      IF        ON        RND       WIDTH
          DEF       INP       OPEN      SGN       XOR
          DELETE    INPUT     OR        SIN
          DIM       INT       OUT       SIZE
          ELSE      LE        PEEK      SQR
          END       LEFT$     POKE      STEP